GOITRE, HEMORRHOIDS DISEASES
Goiter is a growing thyroid gland. Goiter can be seen in different ways. In the non-nodular goiter, both thyroid glands have grown symmetrically and the surface of the thyroid is flat and smooth. In nodular goiter, the thyroid gland is growing, but there are one or more nodules in it. Its surface is comprised of knots and bumps.
What are the causes of non-nodular goiter?
Non-nodular goiter occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce sufficient thyroid hormone for the body. When thyroid hormones produced in the body fall, the thyroid gland cells are stimulated by the brain to make more hormones. Stimulated thyroid cells proliferate and grow to produce more hormones.
How nodular goiter occurs?
The stimulations from the brain are sometimes more perceived by a number of cells in the thyroid, and as a result they proliferate more than the other cells. These proliferating cells form nodes in the thyroid, called nodules.
What is the importance of thyroid nodule?
Thyroid nodules are very common, however only 4-20% of them have a risk of thyroid cancer. In particular, if a small single nodule grows in time and becomes hard and adjacent to the surrounding thereof, increases the cancer suspicion. The risk of cancer is lower for a multi-nodular goiter.
How to assess thyroid nodules?
In the assessment of thyroid nodules, Endocrinology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Pathology departments work together with the surgical team. While thyroid nodules are examined by ultrasonography against cancer risk on one hand, they are distinguished whether or not they function, with a scintigraphic examination made by Nuclear Medicine Department and hormone levels checked in the blood. In small nodules without risk, drug treatment and follow-up are applied instead of unnecessary surgery. Fine needle biopsy has been standardized for cancer researches regarding thyroid nodules. This procedure is performed by an experienced general surgeon and an interventional radiologist together with a pathologist. In necessary cases, such departments come together for surgery and make a teamwork.
Hemorrhoid, as one of the most frequently encountered diseases in Turkey, reduces the life quality significantly if not treated. Hemorrhoid, which is among “dissembled health problems” as it occurs in the breech area, can be treated with simple interventions if noticed in early stage, however, as it is dissembled, it progresses and requires surgical intervention. The disease has a direct relationship with eating habits. For this reason, foods are also important in treatment.
Treatment becomes more difficult by the progress of the stage
Hemorrhoids occur in two forms, internal and external. External hemorrhoids are common for people who work by sitting for long time, while internal hemorrhoids, which require major treatment and perform functions that are crucial for quality of life, such as large abduction, do require the treatment indeed. The first stage shows an hemorrhage indication while other stages show a mass that gradually swells. The first and second stage hemorrhoids do not require surgery unless it is mandatory. They can be controlled by medication and diet program. Third and fourth stage hemorrhoids are considered to have reached the surgical stage. If the third stage is in question when the disease is diagnosed, it is necessary to perform surgery before it takes progress. Because in the fourth phase, surgery can be a challenging process in terms of both patient comfort and the desired outcome of the procedure. Since the hemorrhoids may need to be removed completely, problems such as stenosis in the area or large abduction or gas evacuation may occur in the elderly.
What you need to know about Hemorrhoid…
» Hemorrhoid, which is very closely related to eating habits, is very common in East and South-East Anatolia regions because of excess consumption of red meat.
» The hot foodstuffs themselves do not cause hemorrhoid, however, as for people suffering hemorrhoid, eating hot foodstuffs irritates that region.
» Hemorrhoid is one of the major problems in pregnant women. When the baby's head enters the pelvic area, it blocks the transformation of dirty blood and hemorrhoids inflate in pregnant women. After the birth, many of such cases heal, however in some cases, the hemorrhoids that do not heal after pregnancy might require operation.
» It is very common in people with chronic constipation.
» Genetic factors also play an efficient role in the formation of hemorrhoid. There may be a structural tendency from the family.
» External hemorrhoids are very common in people who work by sitting in general, i.e, office workers, taxi drivers, bank officers etc.
» Hot or cold seating baths are recommended for the treatment of hemorrhoids. However, since the icy cold water bath cannot be done for a long time, a hot seating bath is usually recommended. For internal hemorrhoids, seating baths may be beneficial but have no effect on external hemorrhoids.
» Nutrition style is very important in the recovery of hemorrhoids. The consumption of foods containing fiber and olive oil is recommended. Water consumption of at least 2.3 liters per day is also important.
» Because of low pelvic floor in women, hemorrhoid is more common in women compared to men.
» The indications of hemorrhoid may be confused with other diseases. Therefore, bleeding complaints should be considered and it should be checked whether or not there are diseases such as rectum or colon cancer. Because sometimes hemorrhoids and rectum tumors can be seen simultaneously in the patient.